Penang Hokkien Phonetic Table
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Penang Hokkien Phonetic Table provides you audio-on-demand on the basic sounds in the language, based on IPA symbols. Each set is articulated in the four tones: 1, 2, 3 and 4. Tone 33 is the same as tone 3, and is therefore not articulated separately.
a
e
ɛ
i
o
ɔ
u
a
e
ɛ
i
o
ɔ
u
ba
be
bɛ
bi
bo
bɔ
bu
g+IPA
ga
ge
gɛ
gi
go
gɔ
gu
h+IPA
ha
he
hɛ
hi
ho
hɔ
hu
k+IPA
ka
ke
kɛ
ki
ko
kɔ
ku
l+IPA
la
le
lɛ
li
lo
lɔ
lu
m+IPA
ma
me
mɛ
mi
mo
mɔ
mu
n+IPA
na
ne
nɛ
ni
no
nɔ
nu
p+IPA
pa
pe
pɛ
pi
po
pɔ
pu
s+IPA
sa
se
sɛ
si
so
sɔ
su
t+IPA
ta
te
tɛ
ti
to
tɔ
tu
dz+IPA (j-)
dza
dze
dzɛ
dzi
dzo
dzɔ
dzu
ts+IPA (c-)
tsa
tse
tsɛ
tsi
tso
tsɔ
tsu
tsh+IPA (ch-)
tsha
tshe
tshɛ
tshi
tsho
tshɔ
tshu
kh+IPA (kh-)
kha
khe
khɛ
khi
kho
khɔ
khu
ph+IPA (ph-)
pha
phe
phɛ
phi
pho
phɔ
phu
IPA+ʔ (-k)
aʔ
eʔ
ɛʔ
iʔ
oʔ
ɔʔ
uʔ
IPA+k (-k)*
ak
ek
ɛk
ik
ok
ɔk
uk
IPA+s
as
es
ɛs
is
os
ɔs
us
IPA+t
at
et
ɛt
it
ot
ɔt
ut
m
ã
ɛ̃
ĩ
p+nasal+IPA
pã
pɛ̃
pĩ
ĩ+IPA
ĩa
ĩɛ
IPA+ŋ
aŋ
eŋ
iŋ
ɔŋ
ŋ+IPA
ŋa
ŋe
ŋɛ
ŋi
ŋɔ
ŋu
* The final letter "-k" is used to spell the glottal stop (ʔ) and the velar stop (k). In syllables where ambiguity may arise, the velar stop is spelled with -rk or other letters. In this writing system, "-h" is used as the pseudo-fricative, never as a glottal stop.
a
e
ɛ
i
o
ɔ
u
a
e
ɛ
i
o
ɔ
u
initials
b+IPAba
be
bɛ
bi
bo
bɔ
bu
g+IPA
ga
ge
gɛ
gi
go
gɔ
gu
h+IPA
ha
he
hɛ
hi
ho
hɔ
hu
k+IPA
ka
ke
kɛ
ki
ko
kɔ
ku
l+IPA
la
le
lɛ
li
lo
lɔ
lu
m+IPA
ma
me
mɛ
mi
mo
mɔ
mu
n+IPA
na
ne
nɛ
ni
no
nɔ
nu
p+IPA
pa
pe
pɛ
pi
po
pɔ
pu
s+IPA
sa
se
sɛ
si
so
sɔ
su
t+IPA
ta
te
tɛ
ti
to
tɔ
tu
dz+IPA (j-)
dza
dze
dzɛ
dzi
dzo
dzɔ
dzu
ts+IPA (c-)
tsa
tse
tsɛ
tsi
tso
tsɔ
tsu
tsh+IPA (ch-)
tsha
tshe
tshɛ
tshi
tsho
tshɔ
tshu
kh+IPA (kh-)
kha
khe
khɛ
khi
kho
khɔ
khu
ph+IPA (ph-)
pha
phe
phɛ
phi
pho
phɔ
phu
IPA+ʔ (-k)
aʔ
eʔ
ɛʔ
iʔ
oʔ
ɔʔ
uʔ
IPA+k (-k)*
ak
ek
ɛk
ik
ok
ɔk
uk
IPA+s
as
es
ɛs
is
os
ɔs
us
IPA+t
at
et
ɛt
it
ot
ɔt
ut
m
ã
ɛ̃
ĩ
p+nasal+IPA
pã
pɛ̃
pĩ
ĩ+IPA
ĩa
ĩɛ
IPA+ŋ
aŋ
eŋ
iŋ
ɔŋ
ŋ+IPA
ŋa
ŋe
ŋɛ
ŋi
ŋɔ
ŋu
* The final letter "-k" is used to spell the glottal stop (ʔ) and the velar stop (k). In syllables where ambiguity may arise, the velar stop is spelled with -rk or other letters. In this writing system, "-h" is used as the pseudo-fricative, never as a glottal stop.
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